The twentieth-century Holocaust, also known as the Shoah has had an enormous global impact on modern Judaism, both politically and also theologically as it has spawned post-Holocaust theology. The mass killing of central and eastern European Jews has forever change the cultural presence of Judaism in Europe and its presence endures in Jewish life. Anti-semitism is a continuing feature of life in many parts of the world but has a long history, Christianity and the church being a significant component in that history. For some the Holocaust has led to a religious renewal and a determination that it will never happen again. For some it led to an end of religious belief. It has challenged the idea of the chosen people of God, the idea of a covenant relationship with God and the idea of God itself. Some have seen it as a punishment from God. There are distinctive contributions to Jewish thought from Rubenstein, Fackenheim, Maybaum and Berkovitz and there are distinctive Orthodox and Progressive responses to the Holocaust. It has led to considerable revision of many aspects of Judaism. Students need to be able to critically engage with these issues and beliefs.

Wikipedia - Holocaust theology

A Wikipedia page with links to associated ideas and beliefs.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocaust_theology

Knowledgerush - Holocaust theology

"Judaism, Christianity and Islam traditionally have taught that God is omnipotent (all powerful), omniscient (all knowing) and omnibenevolent (all good). Yet, these claims are in jarring contrast with the fact that there is much evil in the world. Perhaps the most difficult question that monotheists have confronted is how can we reconcile the existence of this view of God with the existence of evil? This is the problem of evil." A discussion on these questions.

http://www.knowledgerush.com/kr/encyclopedia/Holocaust_theology/

Holocaust theology

"Judaism, Christianity and Islam traditionally have taught that God is omnipotent (all powerful), omniscient (all knowing) and omnibenevolent (all good). Yet, these claims are in jarring contrast with the fact that there is much evil in the world. Perhaps the most difficult question that monotheists have confronted is how can we reconcile the existence of this view of God with the existence of evil? This is the problem of evil." A discussion on these questions.

http://july.fixedreference.org/en/20040724/wikipedia/Holocaust_theology

Wapedia - Wiki: Holocaust theology

Judaism, Christianity and Islam traditionally have taught that God is omnipotent (all powerful), omniscient (all knowing) and omnibenevolent (all good). Yet, these claims are in jarring contrast with the fact that there is much evil in the world. Perhaps the most difficult question that monotheists have confronted is how can we reconcile the existence of this view of God with the existence of evil? This is the problem of evil. A discussion on these questions.

http://wapedia.mobi/en/Holocaust_theology

Jewish Virtual Library - Richard Lowell Rubenstein

A Jewish Virtual Library page on Rubenstein with links to associated ideas and beliefs.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0017_0_17125.html